@article { author = {Noorollahi, Younes and Pourghasem, Fatemeh and Yousefi, Hossein}, title = {An Integrated Baseline Geodatabase for Facilitating the Environmental Impact Assessment Process: Case Study of Sabalan Geothermal Project, Iran}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {1-17}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.88591}, abstract = {Baseline data represent one of the important stages of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure that describes the existing environment of the study area and surrounding areas in enough detail to allow the environmental impacts of the proposed area to be accurately and adequately assessed, and future changes and effects can be measured. Baseline data may be inaccurate, difficult to obtain or non-existent in Iran as a developing country, and it involves huge and diverse environmental data of a spatial nature in the EIA process. Therefore, a useful and effective geographic information system (GIS) approach is developed to integrate geodatabase by acquiring and handling environmental data from different sources related to the proposed project area for the EIA procedure. Based on this approach, a comprehensive geodatabase for baseline data of EIA procedure, called Baseline Geodatabase (BGDB), is designed. The BGDB includes feature datasets (projects, climatology and air quality, hydrology, pedology, general location map of the study area, geology, noise, biology, and socio-economic-cultural data) and tables (fauna). For example, the BGDB for Sabalan geothermal project area, Iran as a case study is developed. This paper provides a practical tool to facilitate the EIA process, environmentally sustainable management, and to support decision-making for environmental specialists and managers in the present and future of the proposed project area.}, keywords = {Environmental impact assessment,Baseline data,Geographic information system,Baseline Geodatabase,Iran}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_88591.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_88591_447c9bddf9772d845bb2e9fa16b88ece.pdf} } @article { author = {Fahs, Imad-Eddine and Ghasemi, Majid}, title = {A New Sensitivity Study of Thermal Stress Distribution for a Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {18-26}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.94175}, abstract = {Converting chemical energy into electricity is done by an electro-chemical device known as a fuel cell. Thermal stress is caused at high operating temperature between 700 oC to 1000 oC of SOFC. Thermal stress causes gas escape, structure variability, crack initiation, crack propagation, and cease operation of the SOFC before its lifetime. The aim of this study is to present a method that predicts the initiation of cracks in an anisotropic porous planar SOFC. The temperature and stress distribution are calculated. The code uses the generated data, stress intensity factor, and the J-integral of the materials to predict the initiation of the crack inside the porous anode and cathode. The results show that the highest thermal stress occurs at the upper corners of cathode and at the lower corners of the anode. In addition, the thickness of cathode electrode on the left side is increased by 1.5 %. Finally, the crack initiation occurs on the left side between the upper and lower corners of the cathode.}, keywords = {solid oxide fuel cell,Computational Fluid Dynamic,Finite elements,thermal stress,Stress intensity factor,Crack Initiation}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94175.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94175_7c74bc65a4e8d46cd650135069e8234e.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahmani, Maryam and Faghihi, Faramarz and Moradi CheshmehBeigi, Hassan and Hosseini, Seyed Mehdi}, title = {Frequency Control of Islanded Microgrids Based on Fuzzy Cooperative and Influence of STATCOM on Frequency of Microgrids}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {27-33}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.94119}, abstract = {In this paper, the effect of a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) influence on the frequency of islanded microgrids based on frequency control using fuzzy cooperative control is investigated. To achieve fast frequency control, instantaneous power balance between generation and consumption is inevitable, and it can be supplied through energy storage systems such as battery with a proper frequency control method. Besides, the frequency control of islanded microgrids could be studied under different circumstances, where one aspect analyzed is added to a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device, such as STATCOM, in the microgrids. Although STATCOM is charged with improving the voltage profile, it can affect frequency stability by adjusting the voltage very quickly. Due to the importance of refining frequency stability, two controller methods are compared: a classic PI controller and a fuzzy PID controller. Accordingly, the performance of STATCOM is evaluated via two scenarios. Based on simulation results, by applying the fuzzy PID controller to the microgrid, STATCOM can reach the nominal frequency. Moreover, with greater validation and investigation of this topic, this device could be an agreeable alternative to the battery energy storage system (BESS).}, keywords = {frequency control,Fuzzy logic,static synchronous compensator,microgrid}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94119.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94119_09189ca2c239487e4b5fd6c26e4d79b5.pdf} } @article { author = {Zarei-Jelyani, Mohammad and Baktashian, Shaghayegh and Babaiee, Mohsen and Eqra, Rahim}, title = {Improved Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Artificial Graphite Anode Using Water-Based Binders in Lithium-Ion Batteries}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {34-39}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.93555}, abstract = {In recent years, many studies have focused on the active materials of anodes to improve the performance of LIBs, while limited attention has been given to polymer binders, which act as inactive ingredients. However, polymer binders have amazing influence on the electrochemical performance of anodes. Herein, to investigate the binding performance between MCMB artificial graphite and the copper current collector, three binders such as PVDF, MSBR, and CMC+SBR were used to prepare the anode electrodes. The mechanical and electrochemical tests were conducted for different MCMB electrodes. The results show that the water-based binders (CMC+SBR and MSBR) made better adhesion properties for the coating on the current collector in comparison with the organic solvent-based binder (PVDF). MCMB anode fabricated with CMC+SBR binder shows the highest discharge capacity and the best rate performance at various C-rates of 0.2C, 0.5C, and 1C that result in the brilliant electrochemical performance. Therefore, artificial graphite anode materials using cheap aqueous CMC+SBR binder instead of toxic solvent like NMP and expensive PVDF improve electrochemical property and reduce the cost of LIBs.}, keywords = {Lithium-ion battery,artificial graphite,MCMB,binder,PVDF,CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose),SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber)}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_93555.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_93555_b760c53ec17ebfd77764de5dc72f241d.pdf} } @article { author = {Roohi, Reza and Bahramian, Alireza and Samghani, Sepideh}, title = {Numerical Simulation of the Freezing Process in Geothermal Boreholes Using Solar Heat Injection}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {40-45}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.94083}, abstract = {Ground thermal energy as a clean and sustainable energy source has received significant attention lately. Several strategies and hybrid configurations have been proposed to harvest geothermal energy for air conditioning and industrial purposes. The possibility of moist soil freezing in the vicinity of borehole tubes is known to be the source of several benefits and difficulties. The high storage capacity during the freezing process and the structural damage are the major advantages and disadvantages of the thawing phenomenon, respectively. In the present study, the numerical simulation of the freezing process around the U-tube configuration of boreholes accompanied by the solar energy injection as the auxiliary heat source is investigated. Lower values of cold stream temperature result in the higher amount of recovered heat, while increasing the injected heat temperature intensifies the heat regaining. Moreover, the energy absorbed by the ice layer around the tube is directly related to the cold stream temperature.}, keywords = {Geothermal,Freezing,Solar heat injection,CFD Simulation}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94083.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_94083_f8eeac9a7b9b6f327979b14412c72d9c.pdf} } @article { author = {Jafari, Mohammad and Ghadamian, Hossein and Seidabadi, Leila}, title = {An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of the Battery Charge Controllers in Off-Grid PV Systems}, journal = {Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {46-53}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)}, issn = {2423-5547}, eissn = {2423-7469}, doi = {10.30501/jree.2018.95298}, abstract = {The study of the battery charge process as the only power storage agent in off-grid systems is of significant importance. The battery charge process has different modes, and the battery in these modes is dependent on the amount of charge. In order to charge the battery in off-grid systems, two charge controllers including Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) are commonly used. The charge rate (C-Rate) is different in these two models. Therefore, it is necessary to study the state of charge (SoC) in the PWM and MPPT models considerably. In this study, by using these two charge controller models, C-Rate is examined on portable and power plant scales. This research indicates that the PWM charge controller has better performance on the power plant scale than on the portable scale. The charging quality of the MPPT model is about 31 % and 7 % on portable and power plant scales, respectively, proved to be higher than that of the PWM charge controller. The PV panel performance has increased by 2 %-5 % through the application of the MPPT charge controller, compared with the PWM model. As the overall achievement of the experiment, according to the limitations of the MPPT charge controller, the PWM charge controller can be proposed on power plant scales, whereas the application of the MPPT model is appropriate for specific purposes.}, keywords = {Charge mode,Charge rate (C-Rate),State of Charge (SoC),pulse width modulation (PWM),Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT)}, url = {https://www.jree.ir/article_95298.html}, eprint = {https://www.jree.ir/article_95298_45f42774f4663e2b6b7682edeabe6e49.pdf} }