Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Ex-Situ CO2 Capture and Utilization Over the Bauxite Residue: Lifecycle and Economic Recovery Assessment
1
9
EN
Kazem
Kashefi
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P. O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.
kazem.kashefi@gmail.com
Alireza
Pardakhti
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P. O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.
arparda@yahoo.com
Majid
Shafiepour
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P. O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.
shafiepourm@yahoo.com
Azadeh
Hemmati
Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box: 14515-775, Tehran, Iran.
azadehhemmati@yahoo.com
10.30501/jree.2020.225900.1097
Carbon-dioxide Capture and Utilization (CCU) technology is an efficient process in the portfolio of greenhouse gas reduction approaches and is programmed to mitigate global warming. Given that the prime intention of CCU technologies is to prevent CO<sub>2</sub> emissions into the atmosphere, it remains to be seen if these approaches cause other environmental impacts and consequences. Therefore, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach was considered to account for all environmental aspects, in addition to the emission of greenhouse gases. In this study, the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) methodology was employed to quantify the environmental impacts of indirect carbonation of Red Mud (RM), a waste byproduct of alumina production line in Jajarm Alumina Plant, Iran by CO<sub>2 </sub>exhausted from the plant stacks based on International Organization for Standardizations (ISO) of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The results confirmed the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> emission by 82 %. The study of carbon footprint based on ISO 14064 under the criterion of PAS 2050 revealed CO<sub>2</sub> emission equivalent to 2.33 kg/ ton RM, proving that CCU managed to mitigate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission by 93 % compared to the conventional technology employed in Jajarm Plant, which produced around 34 kg CO<sub>2</sub> per 1 ton RM. Furthermore, the economic evaluation of the process brought about 243 $/ton RM in profit via the sales of products including silica, aluminum, hematite, and calcium carbonate. The outcomes of the present study highlight that the intended CCU technology is a practicable approach for large-scale applications.
carbon capture and utilization,life cycle assessment,Carbon Footprint,Greenhouse gas emission
https://www.jree.ir/article_110470.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_110470_cd6cd68aec39eef208a57ce6c44262a5.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Feasibility Study of Powering Desiccant Evaporative Cooling Systems with Photovoltaic Solar Panels for Hot and Humid Climates of Iran
10
20
EN
Ahmad
Naderi Nobandegani
Department of Mechanical & Marine Engineering, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran.
ahmadnaderi1994@gmail.com
Mohammad
Ahmadzadehtalatapeh
0000-0002-9164-7592
Department of Mechanical & Marine Engineering, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran.
m_ahmadzadeh56@yahoo.com
10.30501/jree.2020.225286.1096
In the present study, the performance of a Desiccant Evaporative Cooling System (DECS) under eight different designs to provide the desired indoor air conditions for administration buildings was explored via TRNSYS software. An administration building in Chabahar, Iran as a region with a high cooling load demand was considered for the study. The simulation results indicated that the two-stage desiccant cooling system (Des. H) was the most suitable design, and it enjoyed the potential to keep the indoor air conditions within the standard recommendations. It was also shown that Des. H is the superior design in terms of energy performance and can meet the space cooling load requirements. The study showed that Des. H had the highest COP value with 2.83. The possible application of solar energy to the regeneration process of the Des. H was also studied. The simulations revealed that Des. H with and without the solar panels had less energy consumption than the existing system. The study showed that the application of Des. H could ensure 26.97 % saving in power per year in comparison to the existing system. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the addition of PVT panels to Des. H could increase the rate of annual power saving to about 68.03 %.
Buildings,energy consumption,Desiccant Evaporative Cooling System (DECS),Indoor Air,TRNSYS
https://www.jree.ir/article_111047.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_111047_85dd1d75e04d7154a3a9679419304847.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Feasibility Study of Using Renewable Energies in the Water and Wastewater Industry (Case Study: Tehran Water and Wastewater Company)
21
29
EN
Ensieh
Ozgoli
Department of Environment Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box: 1477893855, Tehran, Iran.
enci_ozgoli@yahoo.com
Younes
Noorollahi
0000-0001-8761-3114
Department of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
noorollahi@ut.ac.ir
Reza
Arjmandi
0000-0003-3669-4601
Department of Environment Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box: 1477893855, Tehran, Iran.
hrezaarjmandi@gmail.com
Ali
Mohammadi
0000-0002-3467-261X
Department of Environment Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box: 1477893855, Tehran, Iran.
ali.mohammadi1964@gmail.com
10.30501/jree.2020.226666.1099
Climate change refers to any significant and long-term alterations in global or regional weather conditions. The impact of climate change on the industrial plans is enormous, while the water supply sector has been challenged to examine how it could continuously operate in the current situation. Optimization of energy consumption and reduction of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions are some of the priorities of water companies. The objective of the study is to propose a novel evaluation approach to the feasibility of using renewable energies (solar, wind, and biomass) in the water and wastewater industry. Tehran Water and Wastewater Company consists of six regional districts and forecasting of its energy consumption, power costs, and carbon tax rates for the next ten years was done by using the regression model. The results indicated that increase in water supply and electricity consumption was evidenced by the increase in Tehran's annual population. GHG emissions were calculated in two scenarios, the first of which is based on the total supply of required electricity from conventional power plants and the second is on the generation of approximately one-third by renewable energies. In addition to the higher emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) from diesel and oil power plants than the natural gas-fueled plants, by increasing the carbon tax to more than 30 USD per tonne of CO<sub>2</sub>, it is expected that the emissions will be reduced by 30 % in all fossil-fueled power plant types. Results showed that a small amount of tax was not effective in reducing GHG emissions.
Greenhouse Gases,Prediction Model,Electricity consumption,Renewable Energy,Carbon tax
https://www.jree.ir/article_111081.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_111081_d86fc79928e9308df2c9e9b25b459a19.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Adaptive Robust Control Design to Maximize the Harvested Power in a Wind Turbine with Input Constraint
30
43
EN
Hossein
Dastres
0000-0002-7497-9341
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvni University of Technology, P. O. Box: 47148-71167, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran.
hosseindastres@stu.nit.ac.ir
Ali
Mohammadi
0000-0002-0413-7026
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvni University of Technology, P. O. Box: 47148-71167, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran.
alimohammadi@stu.nit.ac.ir
Behrooz
Rezaie
0000-0001-7017-8507
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvni University of Technology, P. O. Box: 47148-71167, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran.
brezaie@nit.ac.ir
10.30501/jree.2020.224180.1093
This paper deals with the problem of maximizing the extracted power from a wind turbine in the presence of model uncertainties and input saturation. An adaptive second-order integral terminal sliding mode speed control method is utilized to address this problem. The presented method benefits from the advantages of several control techniques, i.e., adaptability, robustness, finite-time convergence, and the capability of coping with the input saturation. The robust nature of the designed controller causes its high performance in facing the uncertainties in the wind turbine model. In this paper, to compensate for the effect of input saturation, an auxiliary dynamic variable is added to the tracking error and also an adaptation law is designed so that the finite-time convergence of the closed-loop system can be achieved. Moreover, to reduce the mechanical stresses which are the result of the chattering phenomenon, a second-order sliding surface is employed. The finite-time convergence of the designed controller has been proven by the Lyapunov stability theorem in which the finite-time convergence of the tracking error to zero is guaranteed. Finally, to illustrate the effectiveness and satisfactory performance of the proposed controller, two comparative simulations are carried out. The results of this comparison show that the proposed controller has less error to track the optimal speed and when the model uncertainties and input saturation occur in the wind turbine system, the proposed controller is almost 3 % more efficient than the existing controllers.
Second-order sliding mode control,Fast integral terminal sliding mode control,Input saturation,Maximum power point tracking
https://www.jree.ir/article_111286.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_111286_9b1e0f9c7ae8d7929d3ef75bb0721ee5.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Biogas Potentiality Through Waste Management in Bangladesh
44
49
EN
Parvez
Mosharraf
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladeh.
parvez.mosharraf989@gmail.com
Md. Saroyar
Zahan
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladeh.
saroyar1652@gmail.com
Dilip Kumar
Das
0000-0002-0743-2485
Department of Mathematics, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladeh.
dilipkdas@iubat.edu
Suman
Chowdhury
0000-0003-4067-3472
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka 1230, Bangladeh.
suman.kuet@gmail.com
10.30501/jree.2020.222856.1089
This study offers an effective solution to meet the growing demands of biogas plants for energy. This paper presents a model and simulates the digestion process of biogas production from the organic and food processing waste that contains high moisture. Biogas is produced by bacteria through the bio-degradation of organic material under anaerobic conditions. According to the findings, in case of biogas production, the broiler chicken manure is approximately 88 %. From the analysis, it is observed that the chicken broiler waste is approximately 88 % more efficient than the unsorted waste. In addition, in the case of digestate, the cow manure is approximately 6.25 % more efficient than the garden waste. The present study aims to investigate the performance of different types of wastes regarding biogas production. To this end, different types of waste were considered in data analysis. According to the data analysis, biogas production is highly affected by the type of waste.
anaerobic digestion,Biogas,Landfill,Waste,Power
https://www.jree.ir/article_111670.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_111670_d5d5c370fb93999de5bdad9378449b07.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Investigation of the Synergism Effect and Electrocatalytic Activities of Pt and Ru Nanoparticles Supported on the Carbon Aerogel-Carbon Nanotube (CA-CNT) for Methanol Oxidation Reaction (MOR)
50
55
EN
Masoumeh
Javaheri
Department of Ceramic, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), MeshkinDasht, Alborz, Iran.
javaheri54@yahoo.com
Noushin
Salman Tabrizi
Department of Energy, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), MeshkinDasht, Alborz, Iran.
n.salmantabrizi@merc.ac.ir
Amir
Rafizadeh
Department of Energy, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), MeshkinDasht, Alborz, Iran.
amir.rafizadeh11@gmail.com
10.30501/jree.2020.234091.1116
Given that the catalyst and catalyst support properties have a key role to play in the electrochemical activity of fuel cells, in this research, the synergism effect of Pt and Ru nanoparticles reduced on catalyst support [synthesized Carbon Aerogel-Carbon Nanotube (CA-CNT)] was investigated. The catalyst support was synthesized by sol-gel method and the catalyst nanoparticles were reduced on catalyst support using impregnation and hydrothermal method. Different molar ratios of Pt:Ru (i.e., 0:1, 1:0, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were applied as electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation Reaction (MOR). The electrochemical performance of these catalysts was compared with that of commercial Pt/C (20 % wt) for MOR. The physical properties of the synthesized catalyst support (CNT-CA) were studied using FESEM and BET techniques. Moreover, XRD and ICP analyses were employed for investigating each of the synthesized catalyst (Pt/CNT-CA and Ru/CNT-CA). The cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry methods were used to conduct electrochemical analysis. Research results indicated that synthesis methods were reliable. Moreover, CNT-CA had a proper performance as the catalyst support and the Pt:Ru with a 3:1 molar ratio was the best catalyst among all the synthesized catalysts for MOR.
Fuel Cell,Methanol,Synergism,aerogel,Nanotube
https://www.jree.ir/article_112868.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_112868_430fdda786a7b641d9624e936e750c66.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers (IAChE)
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment
2423-5547
2423-7469
7
4
2020
10
01
Optimization of Small-Scale Trigeneration Systems in Terms of Levelized Total Costs and Carbon Tax Using a Matrix Modeling Approach
56
66
EN
Taraneh
Taheri
Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
taheri.iau@gmail.com
Mohammad Behshad
Shafii
0000-0002-6266-8853
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P. O. Box: 11155-9567, Tehran, Iran.
behshad@sharif.edu
Sourena
Sattari
Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
sattari@sharif.edu
Morteza
Khalaji Assadi
0000-0002-1633-7535
Department of Fine Arts, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran,Iran.
mkhassadi@gmail.com
10.30501/jree.2020.228287.1108
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems have increasingly drawn attention in recent years due to their higher efficiency and lower Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission. Input-output matrix modeling was considered here as one of the efficient approaches for optimizing these energy networks. In this approach, power flow and energy conversion through plant components were modeled by an overall efficiency matrix including dispatch factors and plant component efficiencies. The purpose of this paper is to propose a modification of the objective function presented in some previous studies. This procedure was performed by adding the parameters of plant component lifetime and environmental costs to the objective function. Thus, the optimization problem was formulated by minimizing the total system levelized cost instead of simply hourly energy cost. The study results revealed that producing the electricity by the trigeneration system led to achieving 1256 MWh annual electricity savings that otherwise must be purchased from the grid. The results also showed a significant reduction in annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (703.31 tons per year). Furthermore, if the price of purchasing CHP electricity was considered three times more than the current ones, payback times would be less than 5 years.
Energy hub,matrix modeling,dispatch factors,Economic Analysis,Optimal Strategy
https://www.jree.ir/article_113937.html
https://www.jree.ir/article_113937_b969c8600f058d8a07c677a1df3c99ce.pdf