Renewable Energy Economics, Policies and Planning
Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Arash Kargarzadeh; Mohammad Montazeri
Abstract
As one of the main consumers of electricity, industries account for in releasing a large amount of emission. Using renewable energies to feed factories is not an easy task and they should be economically viable to compete with fossil fuels. The goal of this study is to analyze the possibilities of using ...
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As one of the main consumers of electricity, industries account for in releasing a large amount of emission. Using renewable energies to feed factories is not an easy task and they should be economically viable to compete with fossil fuels. The goal of this study is to analyze the possibilities of using energy local area networks in off-grid and on-grid modes in an industrial project by considering and calculating all primary and deferrable loads in detail for the first time. The industrial project is sensitive and all possibilities should be considered closely to avoid economic losses. In this case, changes in electrical loads during the project, degradation of components, environmental risks, and economic risks of the investment (for each scenario) are considered and determined too. The results indicate that component degradation can cause 24,000 kWh drop in total electricity production at the end of the project and the total biogas consumption increases from 742 kg/yr to 9330 kg/yr. The results also show that the on-gird scenario (solar/battery) with the Net Present Cost of 200,000$ will be an easy and low-risk choice for investment, but has high environmental risks. On the other hand, the stand-alone scenario (solar/wind/bio/battery) with Net Present Cost of 598,000$ minimizes the environmental risks at the expense of high investment risk. A proper comparison between the multi-year and single-year modes at the end of the project ensures the high accuracy of techno-economic analysis in terms of optimum system types, emissions, and economics.
Environmental Impacts and Sustainability
Taraneh Taheri; Mohammad Behshad Shafii; Sourena Sattari; Morteza Khalaji Assadi
Abstract
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems have increasingly drawn attention in recent years due to their higher efficiency and lower Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission. Input-output matrix modeling was considered here as one of the efficient approaches for optimizing these energy networks. In this approach, power ...
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Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems have increasingly drawn attention in recent years due to their higher efficiency and lower Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission. Input-output matrix modeling was considered here as one of the efficient approaches for optimizing these energy networks. In this approach, power flow and energy conversion through plant components were modeled by an overall efficiency matrix including dispatch factors and plant component efficiencies. The purpose of this paper is to propose a modification of the objective function presented in some previous studies. This procedure was performed by adding the parameters of plant component lifetime and environmental costs to the objective function. Thus, the optimization problem was formulated by minimizing the total system levelized cost instead of simply hourly energy cost. The study results revealed that producing the electricity by the trigeneration system led to achieving 1256 MWh annual electricity savings that otherwise must be purchased from the grid. The results also showed a significant reduction in annual CO2 emissions (703.31 tons per year). Furthermore, if the price of purchasing CHP electricity was considered three times more than the current ones, payback times would be less than 5 years.
Renewable Energy Resources and Technologies
Saeed Hosseinpour; Seyed Alireza Haji Seyed Mirza Hosseini; Ramin Mehdipour; Amir Hooman Hemmasi; Hassan Ali Ozgoli
Abstract
In this study, an advanced combined power generation cycle was evaluated to obtain sustainable energy with high power and efficiency. This combined cycle includes biomass gasification, the Cascaded Humidified Advanced Turbine (CHAT), and the steam turbine. The fuel consumed by the system is derived from ...
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In this study, an advanced combined power generation cycle was evaluated to obtain sustainable energy with high power and efficiency. This combined cycle includes biomass gasification, the Cascaded Humidified Advanced Turbine (CHAT), and the steam turbine. The fuel consumed by the system is derived from the gas produced in the biomass gasification process. The biomass consumed in this study is wood because of its reasonable supply and availability. The economic analysis conducted in the present research has produced significant gains. The proposed cycle with current prices intended to sell electricity in Iran has a positive Net Present Value (NPV). Therefore, the presented cycle in terms of energy supply has good economic value. Due to the significantly higher purchase/sale price of electricity from renewable power plants in developed countries in Europe or the United States, the power generation cycle proposed in this study may be more economically feasible in other regions than Iran. Of course, with a slight price increase in electricity sales in Iran (3 US₵ kWh-1), the proposed system will have acceptable NPV. Because of the complicated equipment used in high-pressure and low-pressure turbines and compressors sets, the equipment used in this cycle requires a higher initial investment cost than conventional power generation systems. The results showed that the investment cost per unit of energy was approximately 909 USD kW-1.
Renewable Energy Economics, Policies and Planning
Seyed Mohammad Emami Razavi; Mohammad Hossein Jahangir; Soroush Mousavi
Abstract
The renewable energy can be utilized to satisfy the energy demand. Moreover, the solar energy as the most abundant energy resource among renewable energies plays a crucial role to provide the energy demand. The BIPV (building integrated photovoltaics) systems can be considered to supply the required ...
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The renewable energy can be utilized to satisfy the energy demand. Moreover, the solar energy as the most abundant energy resource among renewable energies plays a crucial role to provide the energy demand. The BIPV (building integrated photovoltaics) systems can be considered to supply the required energy demand from renewable sources. The essential advantage of BIPV systems is that they can be utilized as building component such as roof, window, shading systems and building façade and they can generate electricity simultaneously. Even though the photovoltaic technologies have been improved within past few years, however the utilization of the BIPV systems will be considered expensive. For this reason, the payback period calculation is considered a vital parameter in evaluating the BIPV systems. In this study, the overall energy consumption for producing one m2 of a mono-crystalline photovoltaic module is calculated 1334 kWh. Additionally, the photovoltaic module data for three companies were investigated and the annual energy productions for one m2 of each company’s product were obtained. The results showed that the average energy payback time for 270 and 280 watt modules are 5.565 and 5.254 respectively. Moreover, the energy payback time for 290, 325 and 340 watt modules were calculated 4.903, 5.437 and 4.965 respectively.
Javad Faiz; Arash Hakimi Tehrani; Ghazanfar shahgholian; Amir Masoud Takbash
Abstract
Pitch control is one of t he major aspects of wind turbine control, particularly over high wi nd s p e e d a n d oscillations. General El e c t r i c (GE) model of wi n d t ur bi ne i s practically compatible with the structure of the wind turbines. I t ...
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Pitch control is one of t he major aspects of wind turbine control, particularly over high wi nd s p e e d a n d oscillations. General El e c t r i c (GE) model of wi n d t ur bi ne i s practically compatible with the structure of the wind turbines. I t h a s b e e n p r o v e d t h a t simulation results using this model are closer to the actual case, compared to other available models. Therefore, in this paper the GE model is used to evaluate the eff ectiveness of three different controllers including Fuzzy controller, self-organized Fuzzy controller (SOFC) and PI controller i n pitch control of the wi nd turbine. Afterward, the results of the controller applications as well as the no controller case in t h e pitch control are compared. The results show a better performance of SOFC in damping the oscillations and overshoot of the wind turbine shaft speed. Finally,electrical power limit and converter cost, the economic analysis of pitch controller application are carriedout. It is shown that the application of the SOFC results are around $142,646 saving.